Thursday, December 1, 2011

Bombadir Beetles

Bombadir beetles are a very unique bug. They are bugs with a strange defense mechanism. They are prey, so they need a way to defend themselves.The way they defend themselves is spitting out boiling acid from their bottoms. The acid kills the prey. One of the things that I find strange about this is how the beetle dose not burn themselves.

This is what they look like.
Here is a video talking about their defensive habit.
http://www.ebaumsworld.com/video/watch/81184611/ 

Wednesday, November 30, 2011

Could We Move to Mars?


Reuters
Microscopic worms may hold key to living on Mars
By Kate Kelland
11/30/11

Some scientists sent 4,000 worms to mars. Those worms are called Caenorhabditis. We sent the worms to space to see ideas for coping if we did go to Mars. The worms stayed healthy. They also developed from an egg. They were able to grow and reproduce from the trip to one planet to another. They sent those worms because they have a lot of genes that do the same things as ours. One of the reasons why they think it is too dangerous to go to Mars is the large amounts of radiation exposure. Also your bones would loose bone strength quickly. They do not know if it is safe enough on Mars for people.

I did not know that scientists were considering moving to Mars as one of our options. I think it is amazing that we might be able to live on mars. I think it would be freaky to go on Mars because of all of the health risks.

Wednesday, November 23, 2011

Saunas can Save your LIfe


Saunas could heal your mood and your heart
By Linda Geddes
23 November 2011
http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn21206-saunas-could-heal-your-mood-and-your-heart.html

Quick, if you have heart problems rush to a... sauna? Yes, I said a sauna. Saunas can help heal your heart. Studies have shown that people with heart problems who go to the sauna regularly heal quicker. Heart failure is the inability for you heart to pump blood to your body. With heart failure you have a lot of trouble exercising so to get your heart fixed is really important. Scientists doing a project at the University of Toyama in Japan believe that the sauna sets of the pathway that makes nitric oxide. Nitric oxide helps your heart pump blood to the rest of your body.

I think that this is absolutely amazing. I thought that saunas just calmed people, I did not know that it could save peoples lives. I hope people start to hear about this so they can help themselves.

Monday, November 21, 2011

Rabbit bean population

In my science class we wanted to calculate the pattern of how rabbit populations increase. We started with two rabbits on year zero and ended up with 2048 in ten years. Each year all of the rabbits reproduce to make twice as many rabbits than before. This table shows the birth rate.



This is  the graph of the birth rate.










     
















Tuesday, November 15, 2011

How to Find a Gems Origins

Tracing a gem’s origins                                                                 November 2, 2011                                                                      Stephen Ornes                                                                        
Before you assume that your gem was mined get it checked by some scientists. They use a technique called laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. They take a piece of the gem and shine a laser on it. The same way that ice turns into water and water turns into gas the gem also turns into a gas. The gas has a special pattern from each place. Scientists know where they mine and where they don’t. This technique works for most minerals, but not quite all of them. 

 Spectroscopyis the study of light patterns. Though I do not know why it is necessary to know if minerals were mined or not, I did find this interesting. I never knew that scientists did this.

http://www.sciencenewsforkids.org/2011/11/tracing-a-gem%E2%80%99s-origins/ 

Wednesday, November 9, 2011

Planets... What are they?

Science Mission Directorate. "What is a Planet?" Mission:Science. 2009. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. 09 Nov. 2011 http://missionscience.nasa.gov
/nasascience/what_is_a_planet.html

The arguments made about the requirments of planets has now come to an end. That is because they have made a definition of it. Each planet must; orbit (go around) the sun, it has to be big enough so it's gravity turns it into a round ball, and it has to be big enough to push things like planets out of it' s area. The ex-planet named Pluto was demoted to a dwarf planet because it did not meet the last standard. The word planet came from the Greek word Planetes which means wanderer. As we started to get better telescopes we started to find more of our planets. So as you can see, now the arguments of whether or not Pluto is a planet is useless.



I think this was interesting. I never knew the standards of a planet. I am sad that little Pluto is not a planet, but it isn't quite big enough.

Wednesday, November 2, 2011

Prehistoric Mastodon hunt

EurekAlert. "Evidence from a prehistoric mastodon hunt." EuekAlert. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Oct. 2011.
  <http://www.eurekalert.org/features/kids/2011-10/aaft-efa101411.php>.


.


The mastodon hunt is a hunt of mastodon. They have now found some evidence of it. The piece they found is thirteen thousand eight hundred years old. They found this in 1970 but, they thought it was fourteen thousand years old, they have been debating it ever since then. The scientists used the type of dating named mass spectrometry to date it. That dated the carbon in it. The scientists finally found out that the bone they found was a rib bone. That proves that the people were hunting
mastodons and mammoths. It proves it because it was made out of mastodon bone.When you think about that this is a very long time ago because they were hunting mammoths.

Here is the bone they found.


This was an interesting article. I never knew about these things before. However it was a bit confusing so I wished that they explained what it was a bit more.

Sunday, October 30, 2011

Dirt


Before you say "Ew Dirt it's so messy and has so many bugs in it", dirt is one of the most important things in the world. It is part biotic and A biotic. That is because it has a few A biotic things and a few biotic things in it, but it is classified as A biotic.(non living) Dirt is more complex then you might think. It reuses its same molecules, and it contains so many microbes. Dirt needs many things to be healthy. It is bad for only one type of plant to be planted in the dirt so farmers should mix it up a bit.  Only planting one plant could turn the patch of dirt into a small “desert”.  Also if there are no plants in dirt it will turn into a desert. Dirt gives us shelter and food. It is also the line between organization and chaos. It helps biotic things live.  Another thing that dirt gives us is clay and that can be a very useful thing. For all of the things that dirt gives us, we destroy it. When we mine we kill it. Also we treat it like nothing, but dirt is actually more important than the minerals we mine for.

Tuesday, October 25, 2011

It is getting To warm.

Warming could exceed safe levels in this lifetime
Oct. 23, 2011
By Nina Chesteny
Reuters

In some countries the weather average is getting to high. The scientists agreed if the average heat goes up 2 degrees Celsius, than it is not safe. You have to look out for natural disasters. Now it is getting quite close.  This can be very dangerous. This is going to happen in the future.  This happening might not be as far away as you think it is.  They made the two degree rule 2 years ago. The places need to make a commitment to stop using as many machines like cars.


I think that this is very bad.  I also think that this is because of global warming. I believe that all of us need to cut back on how we use technology, it is destroying our Earth. Though Earth does heal itself, we do not give it time.

Wednesday, October 12, 2011

Mind control


Monkey mind control-- a breakthrough for paralysis
By Tatiana Ramil
Reuters New Service
Oct. 6th, 2011

Mind control has been a dream that we have had for over one hundred years. Now it is a reality, almost. Some of the scientists think that they are so close to help the disabled walk or move a limb that they had lost. Monkeys were their test subjects. It started out, the monkeys have a joystick infron of them and they have to move it to find objects. That made them know when they turned it to the left the limb went left. After that they still had the joystick but it was not on. They did that to think that the monkey was doing it with the joystink and not their minds. Scientists are hoping to make an exoskeleton for the disabled so they can move and hopefully feel what they do.


I think this is spectacular. I am glad that the disabled will have a way to move. Also I was always curios how they taught the limb to move so I thought this was very interesting.

Tuesday, October 4, 2011

A Hole in the Ozone layer above Arctic

Record Arctic ozone hole raises fears of worse to come
By Daniel Magnowski
Reuters New Service
October 3, 2011

Uh oh there is a gaping hole in the ozone layer! It is right above the Arctic. It is the biggest hole in the northern hemisphere. The ozone layer protects us from UV rays which can give us skin cancer and, or cataracts. Scientists are worried that this is might be annual, because they have noticed it every summer since 1980. What is destroying it is chlorofluorocarbons. That chemical is man made. Also. the hole gained size in March.

I hope this is not annual, if it is this could be very bad for everyone. I also think that the UV rays are very serious. My suggestions are; reduce, reuse, recycle, and walk or ride a bike do not drive unless you absolutely have to.

Wednesday, September 28, 2011

A Solar Storm gave a glancing blow to Earth

Solar storm delivers "glancing blow" to Earth
By Beborah Zaberenko
Reuters New Service
September 27 2011

 The sun made a solar storm. Solar storms are just what they sound like, storms. They are a lot of wind which we got a bit of, that is why scientists call it a glancing blow. Solar storms can mess with satellites. The storm was rated either strong or severe. During this storm it did not really do anything to our satellites, but this is not the worst one there will be. A worse will be in 2013. That is it's eleven year solar cycle. The storm was not bad because where it was pointing towards the Earth, if it was the storm could have been much worse.


When I read the title of this I was really confused, I had no clue what it was, and that is why I chose that passage. I still do not completely understand how it is made but I know the basic idea of a solar storm.


http://www.virginmedia.com/digital/features/apocalypse.php?ssid=7

Tuesday, September 20, 2011

NASA satellite is going to crach

Defunct NASA satellite tthis weeko crash to Earth
By Irene Klotz
Reuters New Service
September 19, 2011


NASA is saying that this week a satellite will crash back into Earth. The name of it is CAPE CANAVERAL, it doesn't work any more. It will happen most likely on Friday, but it could be Thursday, or Saturday. The satellite will split into around twenty six pieces.They could land almost anywhere. The biggest piece will way around 331 pounds, or 151 kg. The chance of any of the pieces hitting you is one in 3,200, so don't be worried about it. It will probably land in the ocean or a patch of land where nobody lives. The satellite worked for fourteen years, but no it does not work anymore and it is being pulled by Earths gravity, and that is how it is happening.

I think that this passage was very interesting. A part of that satellite could actually land here in Serbia. One of my questions are that how do they know that the satellite will split into about twenty six pieces? Also how do they get the odds "1 in 3,200"? Another thing I found interesting was that when satellites have came down in the pat they have never hit any one.

Thursday, September 15, 2011

NASA's deep-space rocket

NASA unveils deep-space rocket to succeed the space shuttle
By Dan Vergano
USA Today
9/15/2011


NASA has made many advances in their technology. We have spent decades exploring the moon. We have learned so much about it and know we can learn about other planets. NASA might be able to launch a rocket to far off planets in 2025 but they have money cuts so the launch might be postponed until they get enough money. They might be able to explore the other planets. Maybe they will even find out if there is life on Mars.


I think that their advances in technology are outstanding. When you think about it, it is amazing. We may get to learn about other planets. Maybe NASA can continue their advances in this if they could get to the planet made of diamonds in the Milky Way Galaxy. I chose this article because it caught my attention. I think NASA is very interesting.

Monday, September 5, 2011

My Knowledge

I do know a fair amount about the living and the non living. Fist of all, I know a few things about cells, they have two main types, plants and animals, but then those cells are put into many subcategories. Also some of the things that animal cells have are, nucleus which controls the cell, a wall which keeps things out of the cell,  and a vacuole which stores things in it. Plant cells are mostly the same except for shape,     (plant cells are rectangular, and animal cells are round) and chloroplasts. With non living and the living I know that  the living has to have many different standards, like cells, responses, and cellular organization. If they are missing just one thing they are not living. What I do not know and what  I want to know is,  how many different types of categories cells can be sorted into, and how scientists knew what part of the cell does what.

Here is an animal cell
Here is a plant cell


Thursday, September 1, 2011

My Science goals

Last year was a great year , but there is still more things I need to work on making longer and more descriptive current events. That is because, in seventh grade you have higher standards. I think to do that I need to get more descriptive information with a bigger story. Another thing that I want to do, is to get better in physics. To do that I need to take more notes when we get to that section. Lastly, I want to make better lab reports. The solution to that problem is to just work a bit harder on them.

Wednesday, August 31, 2011

Scientific Summer

Over my summer vacation I went to Ireland. It was really beautiful. One of the most scientific things we have done this summer was that we went to a poison garden. It was filled with many plants and an explanations. If you are in Ireland I would recommend going to the Blarney castle, because that is were the garden is and it was very interesting. The garden was filled with about 30 luscious but poisonous plants.

















The science of what I did was Botany . Botany is the study of plants.These were poisonous plants. Some were lethal, but others just made you sick. The American Mandrake is a plant that can kill you. The plant looks like an umbrella. It can grow to be about 18 inches. Another one of the plants in the garden was called Wolfsbane.  They sometimes used it to put on the tip of arrows for hunting and war. Wolfsbane is fatal. The cure for it is human fecal matter. I will also tell you about Rhubarb. The leaves are toxic but the roots are not. People actually eat Rhubarb (roots) and like it. They say that it is very good.

Monday, June 13, 2011

Public Service Announcements

I my science class everyone had to make a Public Service Announcement or P.S.A. on the safety of doing something and the science behind it. I did the safety of wearing proper gear while riding a motor cycle. A lot of people talked about inertia, force, momentum, and Newtons first law, and friction. From my classmates I learned that momentum is the force an object gets while it is in motion. Also I learned that friction is the rubbing between two different objects, force is a push or pull motion, and Newtons law is that whatever is at rest stays at rest unless acted on by an outside force and whatever is in motion stays in motion unless acted on by an outside force. Another thing I learned was how dangerous things are that we do in our everyday life. I think it is very important to know the science behind accidents. That is because if you don't know what happens when there is an accident you could think that it was the person who jumped out of the car window when they actually flew out of the window because they wanted to stay in motion. If they didn't know that force waspushing people oout of a window they might not have made seat-belts or air bags which saves lives. So, yes it is very important to know the science behind crashes.

Tuesday, May 17, 2011

Marble motion

In my science class we did a lab about motion. we were seeing how hard you had to blow on marbles for them to move. Me and my partner had no problem with that because they always moved.

Guiding question- Does the mass of the marble affect how it moves?
When given a force, what happens to it's motion?

Hypothesis- I think that the smaller and lighter ball will move easier and faster.

Materials

  • small marble
  • big marble
  • tennis ball
  • metal marble
  • ping pong ball
  • small foam ball
Data my partner and I got


Small marble- light breath- moved 10inches
Hard breath-40+inches
Big marble- light breath - 22in.
Hard breath-40+ in.
Metal marble- light breath- 22in.
Hard breath- 40+ inches
Ping pong- ball light breath- 40+ in.
Hard breath-40+ in.
Small foam ball- light-40+ in.
Hard breath-40+ in.
Tennis ball- light breath- 6 in.
Hard breath- 16 in.

Data analysis

I can tell from the data I got that  the weight is a big factor in how far and fast the ball will move.  Also all the balls moved left and right they did not go in a straight line. It was not so much how big it was if it was light. The one that moved the least was the tennis ball because it was heavy and big, but it did move. One that was not that small was the ping pong ball, and it moved the farthest. It was hollow and very light.

 Conclusion

From my data I can tell that my hypothesis was incorrect. Actually it does not really matter on a balls size when it is moving unless it is really big of really small. It really only matter on it's mass. If it is light it will move far and fast, but heavy it will move a bit and slowly.  I also noticed that the balls almost never went in a straight line they would always be going to the left and the right. When you give the balls a  lot of force they move much faster, easier, and slower. If you do not really give to much force it will not move too much unless it is really light.

Further inquiry

If I were to do this project again I would use a bigger variety of balls. Another thing that  I would do is to make a track so it could not curve too much. Also I would weigh each of them to get a better answer. All in all I am happy with how I worked with my partner and did in general. If I did this again though I know there are ways I could do better.



           

Thursday, May 12, 2011

From Feet to Fathoms Lab Activity



Guiding Question:
How accurate are old measurements using body parts? What is the importance of having an International measuring system?
 Hypothesis
I think that the old way of measuring was not correct and is a bit harder to use. It was not correct because everyone is different is size so when measuring things like a fathom, pace, or English yard they can be the same, small, or really big difference in length.
Materials:
·         A white board
·         A space book
·         A desk
·         A hallway
·         A peep
·         A ruler
·         A calculator
·         Pace: legs outstretched =1 yard approximately or 1 meter
Egyptian cubit= elbow to tip of the middle finger= 18 inches or 45 cm
Fathom = middle finger to middle finger across the body = 6 feet, 180 cm, 1.8m
Palm = across the palm of the hand = 3 inches or 8 cm
Hand including thumb = 4 inches or 10 cm
Span = from tip of thumb to tip of little finger= 3 palms or 9 inches or 24 cm
English yard = from fingertip of arm to nose = 36 inches or about 1 meter
Foot = 12 “or 30 cm approximately
Fingernail = tip of pinky =1/2 inch = 1 cm.
Procedure:
1.       Make a data table with 7 rows and 7 columns.
2.       Choose six items to measure.
3.       Decide which unit of measurement you will use.
4.       Now measure it three times then calculate the average.
5.       Next you measure the actual length with a ruler.
6.       Repeat the steps 3-5 with the rest of the items.
7.       Now compare the answers you got.

This is what the table should look like
Item
Type of measurement
Try 1
Try 2
Try 3
Average
Real measurement
White board






book






desk






hallway






peep







Record & Analyze 
Data Analysis:
I know that the data we got is right because there is not really any way to make a mistake in this. Half of the time the lengths were the same or really close. They were the same or really close on the space book, crayon box, and the peep. I think the measurements of the bigger objects were off.  Because  on bigger objects you would use fathoms(6 feet) to measure it quicker and when both of your arms are stretched out it is your height, so not everyone is different height so it does not really equal six feet.


Conclusion:
In this project to measure everything we used a meter stick and we measured in inches. It is important to have an international measuring system because when there is something important and you need to measure something and you do not have any way to measure it, but with the international measuring system you can.  The answer to the guiding question is that it is not very accurate but the measuring system can work for some people and you already know why it is important to have an international measuring system. It is the easiest to measure smaller items like the peep, space book, and the crayon box. Those were also the most accurate. When we were measuring were mostly used fathoms and inches. With the peep we used inches, and with the hallway we used fathoms.. For the forms of measurement they used a long time ago I think was good then but now we have an even better way of measuring.

Further inquiry:
If I had done this lab again I would change how I did a few things. I would have used other measurements to just try them. Something we did that was wrong was that the first time we did the measuring we only measured each thing once, but we went back and fixed it. The only question that I have is, were there any other measurements they used.

Thursday, April 21, 2011

Forces and Motions

In my science class we are stating a new unit on forces and motions. I already know a few things about them. They  are kinetic and potential energy.  Kinetic energy would be if you put a ball on a hill and it was rolling down because it has and is using energy. Potential energy is when a ball is at the top of a hill next to the slant so it has energy but it is not using it because it is not moving. I also know that gravity is what can make us float of stay down. In space there is low gravity so we float, on Earth we a quite a bit of gravity but not to much because then we would be scrunched down.  Another thing I learned was that heavy things fall down quicker than light things. I want to learn more about positive and negative energy, how when you spin a bucket of water nothing comes out. I want to learn these by doing some tests, for example, dropping multiple things with multiple weights off a even height.

Tuesday, April 19, 2011

Earths Inner Structure

 
Throughout the unit I just did I have learned a lot.as you can see. For example, I know know that now the value of rocks can differ all over the place, like geiods are  valuable because they have many minerals on the inside. The things that I learned to support my answer were, the value of most minerals, the amount of crystals in a geiod, their beauty, and that you sell minerals for a higher profit. Our Area of Interaction of the unit was called Environments because minerals do in fact effect the environment. That is because, when you mine it can damage the ground which is part of the environment and minerals are made by the environment not humans. Throughout this unit I think I did quite good. That is because,I understood almost all of the information, I listened, and I took part in all of the activities we did.  I learned a few new skills in this unit such as, how to find out a minerals streak, (Dragging it on a streak plate) mesuring hardness by scratching one mineral on another and the one that got a scratch is the softer one, and how to calculate density.  This unit had many interesting parts in it. The things I found most interesting was learning minerals characteristics, and making the mineral project in which we chose a mineral and made any type of presentation we wanted, and gave all of their characteristics and more. I think the part that was least interesting for me was the mining because , we only learned a bit of it and we really did not do much with it. Next year the things I would change would be; I would maybe do a project like making a miniature model of a  subsurface mine,  try testing how to measure hardness,  table discussions on mining, and Learning a bit more about mining and how it works.

Monday, April 18, 2011

Science disscusion

In my Science class we had a table discussion about ocean minerals. My thoughts while doing this had not been changed at all. That is because we all had the same or very similar answers. I think right once we started doing the discussions it was a bit rough but once we got into it a bit more.

Here is they summery  we wrote at the end of each question.
Why are these minerals so valuable?

We think that the reason minerals are valuable is because they have many uses, and they are hard to get
to and require a lot of money to get to, and we do not know who owns the minerals

Who should have the right to receive them or the profits?

We think that whoever gets them should have the power them, but should barging with other countries
that are poor and cannot afford t mine in the trade for the Oceans minerals. Also that the Ocean does
not belong to anyone, but for example maybe Cleveland want some minerals, and it is a landlocked state
so it gets permits from California to mine in the ocean that borders it. That country has money so they
do not have to make deals, but maybe Iran is poor and is landlocked so they can make a deal with a
country that borders an ocean and in return give them oil, because they are rich in oil.

What are the problems with mining in the Ocean?

Mining for minerals is deep and it costs a lot of money to get down there and if you get down there,
there may not be minerals and then you would have wasted a lot of money and time. It is also risky
because it can be life threatening. With its costs a country can lose a lot of money and then not be able
to gain it back, because there may not have been minerals down there and cannot sell them to gain
more money or even the money they spent on it. That can then put a country in an economical crisis if it
makes the same mistake a few times.

Who owns the Oceans minerals?

We think that no one owns them, and if they can go there they can mine there. Also have to have the
money for it and then the can split the funds. Also that no one owns them because there are no borders
on the oceans.

What are the rights?

We think that the rights are who goes there, mines there, if they have money, and then they can trade
with other countries so that it is available in other countries.

Tuesday, April 12, 2011

Quartz

      Quartz is one of the most mined mineral in America. To mine them you pull them out of a big hole. Sometimes you need dynamite in this equation. Quartz is surface mining. That means you mine at the surface or very close to it. You can say in one way that it is valuable because it has many uses, but there is so much of them so they are not rare. You use them for; radios, jewelery,  sandpaper, glass,  soap, and many, many more. They can be transparent or opaque.  You cannot say America only depends on quartz because there are many others that we need but they do play a big role in our life.  For all almost all minerals you you export them to get others. I think you should not export quartz the most but you should because quartz is very abundant.

Monday, April 11, 2011

Who Owns the Ocean's Minerals

There are some rich and poor countries as you know. Some can be next to minerals in the ocean but they cannot afford mining so other rich countries just take it all. It is a bit more cheap to mine at the continental shelf, but lower costs a lot more and needs more high tech equipment. I think that now that the minerals should be distributed fairly, not just one taking it all.

In 1994 the treaty that international sea's would stay but they made limits to how much a country could claim. One country could never have a whole entire ocean to itself.An International waterway is just another word for international waters. However the little bit of water in between two bits of land are still counted as international water, because they are so useful. E.E.Z. or exclusive economic zones are extending the right to get minerals offshore.They also made laws not to test nuclear weapons in international waters. In WWII people used the continental shelf as a thing to use as a land grab.
This is the Arctic


Now that there has been so much pollution so the world is heating up the Arctic is starting to melt. In some minds of the greedy that might be a good thing but in my mind I still think that it is horrible. That is because there, there is a 25% untapped oil and natural gas. However it is a underneath the ocean floor. While the Arctic melt the people who want them it is good because it is easier and cheaper. The consequence is that the shore lines  which will push the Arctic way from the resources. There are confluences for mining in water because if you are getting oil it could kill many animals if it spills.

In the Pacific ocean  they have a lot of one in particular. That mineral is salt. Mexico extracts the most salt. That now is very important, because we use it almost every day. We use it to, change the taste of food and to keep the meat fresh there are still more uses. We also extract Lead, Bromine, and Magnesium.

In the Atlantic ocean some of the minerals are calcium and limestone. They  also have chemical grade dolomite.Those are a lot of minerals. People from all different countries would be fighting for them because they all have multiple values in them. For example, you use calcium for chalk and some building.

You might ask, if there are minerals in the ocean who should get them. The way I think it should the happen is that the large countries should help the others then they should split the minerals. To others it is the coastal nations. The right of all minerals under the ocean floor always has to be changed.

In conclusion, all countries should help the others out and share the minerals. The oceans don't belong to anyone. There is only  a bit of water masses you can own for your country. This world is a complicated thing we want to learn more about.
 

Saturday, April 9, 2011

Minerals

In my science class we needed to take notes on some questions. First question is, "What are the kinds of rocks" and my reply was Sedimentery, Igneous, and Metamorphic. Sedimentary rock is made when sediments harrdens together.Igneous rock is formed when a volcano erupts and some of the magma gets into something called a magma pool and then it cools, it can also happen outside of the volcano. Metamorphic rock is made when and igneous or sedimentary rock is under high pressure and great heat.  Here is a diagram of the rock cycle
A mineral must have all five of these traits, a solid, naturally made occurring, inorganic, fixed composition, and crystalline form. You might think a rock can't be a mineral but they can if they have all five of these traits. Iron is the most precuis mineral because it is vital for humans because we use it to build things like homes. Here are three minerals with a fact: iron which is used to build things, dimond forms at high pressure and heat, aluminum is a light meatal. Here are three rocks and a fact about them, granite which is used a lot in houses, scoria which has many holes, and halite which is made of cubes.

Here are the sites if you need them.
 


Monday, March 21, 2011

Mineral Density


Here is a lab we did in science class to see if the density of minerals depend on the size of them
Guiding question:
“Does the density of a mineral depend on the size of the mineral sample?”
Hypothesis:
“I think that if you take a big mineral it is more likely to be less dense than a smaller mineral of the same kind because the small one is more compact.”
Controlled Variable:
The amount of water in the graduated cylinder that you put the mineral in is the controlled variable.
Manipulated Variable:
The manipulated variable is the size of a mineral.
Responding Variable:
The responding variable is the mass, weight, and the density.
Materials:
In the lab we used a balance scale, Pyrite, Galena, and a graduated cylinder.
Procedure:
1.  Get all of your materials.  
 2.  Get two big and small minerals of each. 
3. Weigh them all one at a time and copy them down.
4. Put one into a graduated cylinder and then see how much the water rose, copy that down and do the same for each of them. 
5. Now you have the mass(weight) and volume, you divide mass by volume: Mass/Volume. 
6. The answer to that problem is the density, so now you get the average for the big and small minerals and you have the answer to the lab. (If the number is higher it is denser) 
Record and analyze: 
While we were doing this experiment I noticed that we needed a smaller graduated cylinder because with the small minerals the other one was too big to see a difference. Also I saw that the small minerals have smaller volume and mass so when you divide them they should be the same as the bigger minerals. Another thing that I noticed while doing the tests is that when they are heavy that means that they are denser.
  Data Table:

Big    Minerals                                                    
Mineral
Mass
Volume
Density
Pyrite1
87.5g
 20 ml
4.375
Pyrite2
65.7g
15 ml
4.38
Galena1
92.6g
10 ml
9.26
Galena2
84g
15 ml
5.6
Average
Density 5.90375





























Small Minerals
Mineral
Mass
Volume
Density
Pyrite3
15g
     4 ml
3.75
Pyrite4
8.9g
    2 ml
2.225
Galena3
47g
    6 ml
7.83
Galena4
14g
   4 ml
3.5
Average
Density 4.32625
Graph:





Data Analysis:
From the graphs I can tell that the densities do not have too much of a difference to say that there is a certain size denser than the other size. From the results I would say that the size does not matter. I researched the actual data and some of the answers we got were not so far away from the correct answer.

Conclusion:
Now from the tests we did I can see that my hypothesis was incorrect. The density does not rely on the size of a mineral. I thought about how you come up with mass divided by volume, and I think the answer is quite simple. I think you take the volume so you know how much there is of the object, then you get the mass to see how much weight there is and when you divide it you get density because you know the space in it so the mass tells you how much is in the space given so when you divide them you get density.  I also realized that the little difference does not change too much, if the number are close enough it does not make too much of a difference.

Further Inquiry :
I think in this project I did well. However I know there are many ways to improve. For example, we could have used a few more minerals to get more accurate data. The actual density of Pyrite was close in the big ones but the small ones were quite of-- it is actually 5.01. Before I made the conclusion I wanted to know the actual density so I can give a correct conclusion. The correct density for Galena is 7.6. Some of the answers I got were a bit close to it, and I would say that when you are not that old and do not have such high-tech materials that we did well.
Sites I used to get the true densities
http://www.mindat.org/min-3314.html
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/geophys/galena.html